Sewage water treatment is necessary to protect environment from water contamination

Sewage water treatment is the process of removing contaminants from wastewater, including household sewage and runoff (effluents). It includes physical, chemical, and biological processes to remove physical, chemical and biological contaminants. Its objective is to produce an environmentally safe fluid waste stream (or treated effluent) and a solid waste (or treated sludge) suitable for disposal or reuse (usually as farm fertilizer).

Effective sewage management is essential for nutrient recycling and for maintaining ecosystem integrity. It is also important for:

·         Improving the environment through proper drainage and disposal of wastewater;

·         Preventing floods through removal of rainwater;

·         Preserving receiving water quality.

Sewage can be treated close to where the sewage is created which may be called a "decentralized" system or even an "on-site" system (in septic tanks, biofilters or aerobic treatment systems). Alternatively, it can be collected and transported by a network of pipes and pump stations to a municipal treatment plant. This is called a "centralized" system (see also sewerage and pipes and infrastructure), although the borders between decentralized and centralized can be variable. For this reason, the terms "semi-decentralized" and "semi-centralized" are also being used.

Types of Sewage Treatment Systems

·         Primary sewage treatment generally refers to a physical process, whereas, secondary and tertiary sewage treatment are biological treatments.  Primary treatment is usually a simple sedimentation process to remove suspended solids (i.e. particles of matter that float in sewage) in wastewater prior to discharge into rivers, lakes or oceans.

·         Secondary treatment systems use biological oxidation to further reduce solids in sewage effluent. This means that oxygen is added to enhance micro-organisms which consume organic materials in the effluent prior to discharge. This process results in a decreased demand on the biological oxygen in the receiving water, and therefore results in less depletion of dissolved oxygen. Overall, secondary treatment reduces biological oxygen demand (BOD) and suspended solids by 85-90%, and removes 90-99% of coliform bacteria.

·         Tertiary treatment is a more thorough form of secondary biological treatment that may also remove nitrogen, phosphorus and ammonia. Generally, the specific technology used is designed to meet the treatment needs of a particular sewage effluent. For example, microstrainers or sand filters may be used to further reduce suspended solids and BOD, and advanced filtration may be used to remove some metals, chemicals, and other contaminants.

Sewage removal and septic system restoration have the potential to cost thousands upon thousands of dollars. Many sewage spills and overflows could be prevented with a little care and maintenance. People often neglect their sewage systems because they do not think about it, and just assume its working properly if they do not smell anything out of the ordinary.

Author - Bio

Sewage water treatment is important because poor sanitation is the cause of water contamination, which causes many types of diseases. If sewage treatment is not appropriate, water related diseases will spread to the human environment. The sewage water treatment process facilitates the achievement of water quality objectives. To know more, visit our http://www.questepa.com/.